Art of telegraphy.



00000000000 000000000000 000000000000 0000000000000 r 000000000000 0000000000000 m 000000000000 0000000000000 Wlfl kk/ N X ,6 Kg V 2222 i 0 0000000000 u0000000000000 w LN 000000000000 0000000000000 i 00000000000A H0000000000000 000000000000 Q w0000000000000 mm dfimr PATENTED JULY 4, 1905.

M. O. ANTHONY. ART OF TELEGRAPHY.

APPLICATION FILED Nov. 22,1902.

tlivrrien STATES Patented July l, 19ml.

PATENT Clarice,

MARCUS O. ANTITIUNY, ()li .BAltlllthTlON, UHIO.

MHT OF 'll'ELEGFlAl MY,

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. ?93,760, dated. July 4, 1905.

Application filed November 22, 1902. Serial No, 132.382.

[ 00/] when it may concern:

Be it known that I, MAnoUs O. ANrnoNr, citizen of the United States, residing at Barberton, in the county of Summit and State of (lhio, have invented new and useful Improvements in the Art 01 tlelegraphy, of which the following is a specil'ication.

My invention relates to the art of telegraphy; and it consists in a novel method of prod ueing, sending, and receiving telegraphic signals, whereby the construction, maintenance, and o ieration of telegraph systems may be simplilied and cheapcned and the capacity of intelligible reproductions of the original primary impulses constituting the telegraphic signals.

Stated in terms more particularly suggestive of the means employed, it consists in pro ducingthe l'nake-and-break signals o'l telegraphy in a local battery-circuit, includingthe primary winding of an induction-coil, and delivering the corresponding secondary impulses thus created in the secondary winding of said coil to a conductor of which the said secondary winding constitutes the receiving-terminal and in receiving and rcconrerting said secondary impulses by similar means in substantially reverse order.

The nature and mode of operation of my invention will be understood in detail from the subjoined description in connection with the accompanying drawings, showing in dia gram rnati c form the apparatus employed, said apparatus being the subject of a divisional application, Serial N 0. 106,780, lilcd Why 10, 1909),

.In the drawings, Figure l is a diagrammatic View ol the system, showing the local circuits, operative instruments, and main con ductor, the latter being a railway-track; liig. 2, an axial section of the sending and receiving coils, showing the circuit connections.

It should he promised that the essential l ens tures ol apparatus are the local circuits for sending and receiving, with suitable devices for col'itrolling and operating same, and the oppositely-wound imluction-coils branched into the same main condi'lctor. The controlling and operating devices in the local primary circuits may he varied at will.

li-c'terring now to the drawings herewith illustrating the apparatus, A designales the sending, and I) ,the receiving, apparatus or portions 01' the general apparatus, respectively, as used upon a railway. Duplicates of the same are located at stations and upon moving trains and connect electrically with the lines of rails of the trackway 'l. as a main conductor.

The sending mechanism A consists of a hattery-circuit including a battery or generator It, the primary windin of an ind uction-coil 0', herein termed the semling-coil, a telegraphic sending-kcy l), and preferably a vibrator apparatus U, all connected in circuits traced as follows: from one pole of the battery It through conductor 2, through sendingkey 7) to post 7) of the vibrator mechanism U, thence through make-aml-hreak contact 3 and line 5 to the primary or inner winding (inner layer) of sending-coil e, thence from the opposite terminal of said inner winding (outer layer) back to the battery by direct line 1. The magnet-circuit lor viln'ator amiaratus U and contacts lwginning at post p is thence through make-and-l'n'eak contacts 6 and 7 and extending line through magnet-coils f and line 8 to conductor 1. Condenser-shunts are employed for the 1make-andbreal contacts as follows: for contact 3 a line 9 connecting across from lines 2 to 5 through condenser and for contact 6 a line 10 connecting across from lines 2 to 7 through condenser 11.

The sending-coil 11' has its primary winding interposed between the terminals of conductors 1 and 5 of the battery-circuit. Its secondary winding has one blocked terminal, (that is, having no electrical outlet,) and the other terminal is connected to a service cond uctor 0, extending to earth or other natural conductor or to an artificial conductor, such as the track T, of a line of railway, as in the present illustration. These primary and secondary windings are in relatively opposite directions about a permanent magnet-core rr of hardened steel.

The receiving mechanism B consists of a. coil 0, whichis disposed proximate to the coil 0 and whose primary and secondary windings are in relatively opposite directions and are arranged oppositely to those of coil 1/. The primary winding of coil is a closed circuit 11 and 12 through a permanent magnetrelay having a condenser (Z interposed in shunt connection 15 between the branches 11 12 of the circuit. The relay operates an outer circuit 13 14 through a local battery m and sounder Z: in the usual manner. The secondary winding of coil has a cross connection 16 from the inner terminal of the secondary winding to theline 11 of the primary winding. The coil (1 is fitted with a core y of soft-iron wires bundled.

The sending and receiving portions A and B above described constitute a joint apparatus A B, which, as already stated, is duplicated at stations and on moving trains and connected to the track or earth in multiple. In trains of cars moving on railways the connection maybe made through the runninggear to and through the wheel-contacts with the rails. here used in field service-as, for example, in military campaigning the earth alone may be used as the main conductor through metallic rods driven into the soil or otherwise as temporary connections with the earth. In permanent railway service the track conduction may be rendered more perfect by bonding the rails, as in electric-railway service; but satisfactory results are obtained for considerable distances where rails are united by ordinary fish-plate joints. \Vherever a perfect earth contact can be obtained, as by metallic rods driven deep enough to reach moist earth or by buried metallic plates or by attachment to buried water or gas pipes, &c., the earth alone may be utilized as the sole conductor.

In the apparatus employed the sending and receiving coils must be substantially duplicates as to windings, but used in reverse one with the other, as indicated in the foregoing description and in the figures of the drawings.

It will be observed that the main conductor (considered as a line connecting two terminal stations) terminates at each end in two branches, each branch terminating in the outer windinglayer of an induction-coil. The inner coils in each case connect with the local circuits of the sending-key and receiving sounder or relay, respectively. I may dispense with a relay and sounder direct where a telephone receiver is used; but in railway service and the like the separate circuit and the relay are preferable.

This method of communication can be used in lniilding operations and in lire-lighting, &c., in which case a single wire can be embedded in the hose without danger of shortcircuiting, as is the case with a two-wire circuit.

In transmitting over long distances I find it advantageous to place the sending-hey in the circuit between the vibrator and the coil; but the arrangement shown gives good results for ordinary local use.

As shown in the drawings, the aforesaid coils c and e are placed relatively close together end to end. The object of this is to prevent the existence of a magnetic flux of the same polarity, and this is effected by providing each coil with its opposite windings and arranging the primary and secondary wingings of one coil relatively opposite to the corresponding windings of the other coil, resulting in current from one coil'say the sending-coilbeing largely diverted and sent through the service conductor to the main conductor whatever the character of the latter.

I claim as myinvention and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States- The improvement in the art of telegraphy consisting in generating a primary current in the sending apparatus and producing malteand-breal: impulses of the current, generating from this current two induced secondary currents of opposite rotative forces and combining said induced secondary currents and sending them through a common service eonductor.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

h [AROUS O. ANTHONY. Witnesses:

L. M. Hosea, (Inns. H nnnunr JoNns. 

